Carlos Francisco

Carlos ‘Botong’ Francisco was a pioneering Filipino artist renowned for his vibrant murals that celebrated the history, culture and traditions of the Philippines. As one of the most prominent figures in modern Philippine art, Francisco was instrumental in redefining the boundaries of artistic expression in the country, combining historical narratives with a distinctively modern visual style.

Born in Angono, Rizal in 1912, Francisco initially pursued a medical career but shifted to art, enrolling at the University of the Philippines School of Fine Arts. His early work reflected the academic tradition, but he soon gravitated toward a more dynamic and expressive approach influenced by both indigenous art forms and the emerging Modernist movement.

Francisco is best known for his monumental murals, which often depicted scenes from Philippine history, folklore and daily life. His ability to integrate historical themes with contemporary techniques earned him acclaim as a storyteller in visual form. His major works, such as Magpupukot (Pulling in the net) (1957), The First Mass at Limasawa (1965) and Martyrdom of Rizal (1960), showcase his ability to capture the spirit of a nation, blending bold colours, rhythmic compositions and stylised forms.

A key feature of Francisco’s paintings is his focus on Filipino identity. Drawing inspiration from traditional folk art, rural life and pre-colonial culture, he developed a visual language that resonated deeply with the Filipino people.

Francisco was a member of the Thirteen Moderns, a group of artists who spearheaded the modernisation of Philippine art. Throughout his career, he received numerous accolades, including the National Artist for Visual Arts award in 1973, posthumously honouring his contributions to the country's cultural heritage.

Francisco died in 1969. His legacy endures not only through his iconic murals but also through his influence on generations of Filipino artists. Many of his works are displayed in prominent locations in his native country, such as the Philippine General Hospital and the National Museum of Fine Arts, Manila.